What Is Basic First Aid, and How Do You Treat Small Injuries?
This section explains what basic first aid is and how to treat minor injuries safely. First aid is the quick help given to someone who is hurt or sick before a doctor or ambulance arrives. It prevents problems from getting worse and helps the person feel better.
What Is Basic First Aid?
- It is the first step to care for someone who has been hurt or is unwell.
- It includes cleaning wounds, stopping bleeding, and using a first aid kit properly.
- Anyone can learn first aid — even children — to help others until an adult or doctor takes over.
What Should Be in a First Aid Kit?
- Plasters and band-aids
- Antiseptic cream and wipes
- Sterile gauze and bandages
- Adhesive tape
- Scissors and tweezers
- Disposable gloves
- Cold pack
- Thermometer
- Burn cream or gel
- A list of emergency contact numbers
How to Treat Common Small Injuries
1. Small Cuts and Scratches
- Wash hands before touching the wound.
- Clean the cut gently with water or antiseptic.
- Apply antiseptic cream and cover with a plaster.
2. Bruises and Bumps
- Place a cold pack or ice wrapped in cloth on the area.
- Raise the injured part if possible.
3. Nosebleeds
- Have the person sit up and lean slightly forward.
- Pinch the soft part of the nose for 5–10 minutes.
4. Minor Burns
- Hold the burnt area under cool running water for 10 minutes.
- Do not apply creams unless advised by an adult.
- Cover with a clean, non-sticky bandage.
5. Insect Bites or Stings
- Wash the area with soap and water.
- Apply a cold pack to reduce swelling.
- If there is itching, use an anti-itch cream or ask an adult.
6. Splinters
- Use tweezers to gently pull the splinter out.
- Clean the area with antiseptic and cover with a plaster if needed.
7. Minor Eye Irritation
- Do not rub the eye.
- Rinse with clean, lukewarm water.
- If pain continues, ask an adult to take you to a doctor.
8. Sprained Ankle or Wrist
- Rest the injured part.
- Apply a cold pack to reduce swelling.
- Wrap with a bandage, but not too tightly.
9. Bleeding Nose After a Fall
- Lean forward slightly and pinch the nose as with a regular nosebleed.
- Place a cold cloth on the back of the neck.
10. Fainting
- Help the person lie down with legs slightly raised.
- Loosen any tight clothing and allow fresh air.
- Call an adult or doctor immediately.
Important First Aid Reminders
- Always stay calm and get help from an adult.
- Do not use dirty cloths or hands on wounds.
- Never give medicine without adult permission.
- Call emergency services if bleeding or pain is severe.
Quiz-Friendly Examples
- What do you use for a small cut? – Band-aid and antiseptic cream
- What can reduce swelling after a bump? – Cold pack
- What should you do if you get a splinter? – Use tweezers and clean the area
- What should you not do for a nosebleed? – Do not tilt the head back
- What helps in case of fainting? – Lie down and raise the legs
