Major Treaties and Conferences Shaping Post-War Peace and Global Cooperation
The aftermath of World War II led to several key treaties and conferences that aimed to establish lasting peace and foster global collaboration.
- Empire and Colonialism:
- The United Nations (UN) founded in 1945 aimed to prevent future conflicts and decolonisation.
- Revolutions and Transformations:
- The Bretton Woods Conference (1944) set the groundwork for economic cooperation, resulting in the creation of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank.
- Trade Networks and Economic History:
- The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) established in 1947 focused on promoting international trade and reducing trade barriers.
- Religion and Belief Systems:
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) aimed to promote fundamental human rights, influenced by a variety of religious and philosophical beliefs.
- Technological and Scientific Developments:
- The Atomic Energy Act (1946) and subsequent treaties focused on nuclear non-proliferation and peace, reflecting the technological landscape of the post-war era.
- Global Interconnectedness:
- The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) formed in 1949, a military alliance highlighting global security and cooperation among member states.
- Comparative Civilisations:
- The Bandung Conference (1955) highlighted the interests of newly independent states and their economic, political, and cultural freedoms.
- Socio-Cultural and Political Reasons:
- The Geneva Conventions (1949) established crucial legal standards for humanitarian treatment during war, reflecting a global consensus on human rights.
